Avances en la genética y cría de animales: edición genética para mejorar la salud animal y la sostenibilidad ecológicaAvances en la genética y cría de animales: edición genética para mejorar la salud animal y la sostenibilidad ecológica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.67166/p3nz3f29Keywords:
edición genética; cría animal; salud animal; sostenibilidad ecológica; selección genómica.Abstract
El objetivo del artículo fue analizar la contribución de la edición genética aplicada a la cría animal en la mejora de la salud, el bienestar y la sostenibilidad ecológica de sistemas pecuarios. La metodología se estructuró como un estudio cuasi experimental, correlacional y descriptivo, con 200 animales distribuidos en un grupo control y un grupo experimental. Se empleó un test de base estructurada para valorar indicadores de inmunidad, eficiencia alimenticia, resiliencia sanitaria, bienestar y reducción de presión ambiental; el instrumento fue validado por diez expertos y alcanzó un alfa de Cronbach de 0.89, valor considerado muy confiable. Los análisis incluyeron correlación de Pearson, prueba t de Student para muestras independientes y tamaño del efecto d de Cohen. Los resultados evidenciaron que el grupo experimental presentó mejor desempeño posintervención en el índice global de salud animal, menor incidencia de signos clínicos, reducción del uso de antimicrobianos y mayor eficiencia alimenticia. Además, la precisión de edición genética se asoció positivamente con el índice sanitario y negativamente con la morbilidad acumulada. La prueba t mostró diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre grupos, mientras que el tamaño del efecto fue grande en las variables principales. Se concluye que la edición genética, cuando se integra con bioseguridad, trazabilidad, evaluación ética y selección genómica, puede fortalecer la cría animal moderna al mejorar la resistencia a enfermedades y disminuir cargas ecológicas sin desplazar la necesidad de manejo responsable, vigilancia veterinaria y conservación de la diversidad genética.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Yola Elizabeth Haro Flores , Willian Ernesto Tipán Chinachi, Karen Marcela Moya Haro, Angela Magali Carrasco Cando (Autor/a)
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